A study from the International Council of Clean Transportation (ICCT) has revealed something quite interesting. While hybrid vehicles tend to be grouped together with battery electric cars as options for clean, sustainable transportation, they could be up to 4.9 times dirtier than comparable battery electric vehicles that are charged using renewable sources.
As per the ICCT, its study considers model year 2024 vehicles, thereby representing the current state of the sustainable auto market. As part of its analysis, the ICCT assessed the life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of four common vehicle powertrains: ICE vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and battery electric vehicles (BEVs).
The ICCT considered the GHG emissions that are related to the life cycle of vehicles, from manufacturing to disposal. This addresses a key anti-EV talking point which alleges that battery electric vehicles are dirtier than conventional cars because of the high emissions involved in the mining and manufacturing of batteries.
As per the ICCT’s study, battery electric cars are still the cleanest form of transportation today, especially if they are charged with renewable energy. But even if a battery electric vehicle like a Tesla is charged from a regular grid today, the ICCT’s study noted that BEVs are still superior to their ICE, HEV, and PHEV counterparts. Following is a pertinent section from the ICCT’s study.
“BEV sedans and SUVs have the lowest life-cycle GHG emissions across all powertrains. The GHG emissions of model year 2024 PHEVs (both sedans and SUVs) are roughly 2 times higher over their lifetime compared with BEVs powered by the average grid mix. Model year 2024 HEVs emit 2.2 times (sedans) and 2.5 times (SUVs) more than BEVs powered by the average grid, and conventional ICE vehicles emit up to 3.5 times (SUVs) more. Notably, compared with BEVs powered by 100% renewable electricity, this difference increases to 4.9 times more GHG emissions for HEV SUVs and 6.7 times more for conventional ICE SUVs,” the ICCT study noted.
The ICCT also predicted that battery electric vehicles are only bound to get cleaner. “For new vehicles projected to be sold in 2030, the relative benefits of BEVs are even larger. Conventional ICE SUVs were estimated to have 7.5 times higher life-cycle GHG emissions than BEVs powered by 100% renewable electricity. This is due to the ongoing decarbonization of the electricity grid and improved efficiency of BEVs. Projected new PHEVs in 2030 emit 2.1 times (sedans) and 2.2 times (SUVs) more life-cycle GHGs than new BEVs powered by grid-average electricity,” the ICCT study noted.
The ICCT’s study can be viewed below.
ID 180 – US GHGs Brief Final by Simon Alvarez on Scribd
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News
Like it or not, the new Tesla Model Y is a big hit in China
The new Model Y’s registrations are picking up once more in China, with numbers rising 77.5% in the week ending April 27.

It’s interesting to see that even after Tesla successfully changed over Gigafactory Shanghai to the new Model Y, reports still emerged earlier this month suggesting that the demand for the revamped, all-electric crossover may already be over.
Videos from China, as well as the trend in Tesla’s new vehicle registrations, suggest that the demand for the new Model Y in the country is alive and well.
Why Did Registrations Drop In April?
Arguments that the new Model Y was already running out of steam in China are partly based on the vehicle’s sudden drop in registrations in April. This, as well as the fact that Tesla China still estimates just 2-5 weeks of waiting time for new Model Y orders, was interpreted as a demand issue by Tesla skeptics.
What is quite surprising is that skeptics still seem to be intentionally ignoring the idea that Giga Shanghai allocates a lot of its vehicle output to foreign territories early on in the quarter. Thus, when Q1 ended and Q2 began, it only made sense that domestic vehicle registrations for the new Model Y dropped. One should not forget, after all, that Giga Shanghai supplies vehicles to numerous territories outside China.
Model Y Registrations and Delivery Centers
The new Model Y’s registrations are picking up once more in China, with numbers rising 77.5% in the week ending April 27. This suggests that Tesla China may be allocating more of Gigafactory Shanghai’s output to the domestic market once more. This also suggests that the new Model Y is seeing quite a bit of interest among Chinese consumers. The new Model Y, at least based on the trend of Tesla China’s registrations, definitely does not seem to be losing steam anytime soon.
A video that highlights this argument was shared recently on social media by Tesla China watcher @GeekLaii, who paid a visit to the company’s delivery center at Crab Island in Beijing. As could be seen in the video, the delivery center is packed with new Model Ys waiting for delivery. Consumers seem to be opting for the vehicle’s mid-tier variant as well, as the majority of the cars at the delivery center were comprised of new Model Y Long Range All Wheel Drive (AWD) variants.
Q1 Model Y Sales
In the first quarter, the Tesla Model Y was China’s best-selling SUV. That’s pretty impressive considering that the vehicle was limited to inventory units in the first months of the quarter. Despite this, the Model Y still sold 81,889 units in Q1 2025, putting it at the top of China’s SUV rankings. The new Model Y’s sales this Q2 might even be better.
Longtime Tesla investors have always argued that it is never wise to underestimate or bet against Elon Musk. At the same time, it is becoming evident that it is also not wise to underestimate or bet against Tesla’s best-selling car to date.
Investor's Corner
Tesla Board member and Airbnb co-founder loads up on TSLA ahead of robotaxi launch
Tesla CEO Elon Musk gave a nod of appreciation for the Tesla Board member’s purchase.

Tesla Board member and Airbnb Co-Founder Joe Gebbia has loaded up on TSLA stock (NASDAQ:TSLA). The Board member’s purchase comes just over a month before Tesla is expected to launch an initial robotaxi service in Austin, Texas.
Tesla CEO Elon Musk gave a nod of appreciation for the Tesla Board member in a post on social media.
The TSLA Purchase
As could be seen in a Form 4 submitted to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on Monday, Gebbia purchased about $1.02 million worth of TSLA stock. This was comprised of 4,000 TSLA shares at an average price of $256.308 per share.
Interestingly enough, Gebbia’s purchase represents the first time an insider has purchased TSLA stock in about five years. CEO Elon Musk, in response to a post on social media platform X about the Tesla Board member’s TSLA purchase, gave a nod of appreciation for Gebbia. “Joe rocks,” Musk wrote in his post on X.
Gebbia has served on Tesla’s Board as an independent director since 2022, and he is also a known friend of Elon Musk. He even joined the Trump Administration’s Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) to help the government optimize its processes.

Just a Few Weeks Before Robotaxi
The timing of Gebbia’s TSLA stock purchase is quite interesting as the company is expected to launch a dedicated roboatxi service this June in Austin. A recent report from Insider, citing sources reportedly familiar with the matter, claimed that Tesla currently has 300 test operators driving robotaxis around Austin city streets. The publication’s sources also noted that Tesla has an internal deadline of June 1 for the robotaxi service’s rollout, but even a launch near the end of the month would be impressive.
During the Q1 2025 earnings call, Elon Musk explained that the robotaxi service that would be launched in June will feature autonomous rides in Model Y units. He also noted that the robotaxi service would see an expansion to other cities by the end of 2025. “The Teslas that will be fully autonomous in June in Austin are probably Model Ys. So, that is currently on track to be able to do paid rides fully autonomously in Austin in June and then to be in many other cities in the US by the end of this year,” Musk stated.
News
Stellantis unveils solid-state battery for EVs
Stellantis validated solid state battery cells for EVs: ultra-dense, fast-charging, and AI-optimized. Launching demo fleet by 2026.

Stellantis N.V. and Factorial Energy have validated Factorial’s automotive-sized FEST® solid-state battery cells, a major milestone for next-generation electric vehicle (EV) batteries. The breakthrough positions Stellantis and Factorial to advance EV performance with lighter, more efficient batteries.
“Reaching this level of performance reflects the strengths of our collaboration with Factorial.
“This breakthrough puts us at the forefront of the solid-state revolution, but we are not stopping there. We continue working together to push the boundaries and deliver even more advanced solutions, bringing us closer to lighter, more efficient batteries that reduce costs for our customers,” said Ned Curic, Stellanti’s Chief Engineering and Technology Officer.
The 77Ah FEST® cells achieved an energy density of 375Wh/kg, supporting over 600 cycles toward automotive qualification. Unlike lithium-ion batteries, these solid-state cells charge from 15% to over 90% in 18 minutes at room temperature and deliver high power with discharge rates up to 4C. Factorial’s AI-driven electrolyte formulation enables performance in temperatures from -30°C to 45°C (-22°F to 113°F), overcoming previous solid-state limitations.
“Battery development is about compromise. While optimizing one feature is simple, balancing high energy density, cycle life, fast charging, and safety in an automotive-sized battery with OEM validation is a breakthrough,” said Siyu Huang, CEO of Factorial Energy. “This achievement with Stellantis is bringing next-generation battery technology from research to reality.”
The collaboration optimizes battery pack design for reduced weight and improved efficiency, enhancing vehicle range and affordability. Stellantis invested $75 million in Factorial in 2021 and plans to integrate these batteries into a demonstration fleet by 2026. This fleet will validate the technology’s real-world performance, a critical step toward commercialization.
The milestone aligns with Stellantis’ push for sustainable EV solutions, leveraging Factorial’s disruptive technology to meet the rising demand for high-performance batteries. As the companies refine pack architecture, the validated cells promise faster charging and greater efficiency, potentially reshaping the EV market. With the demonstration fleet on the horizon, Stellantis and Factorial are poised to lead the solid-state battery push, delivering cost-effective, high-range EVs to consumers.
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