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NASA installs SpaceX-delivered docking adapter for Crew Dragon, Boeing Starliner missions

A story in three parts: IDA-3 is installed in Cargo Dragon, Cargo Dragon arrives at the ISS, and IDA-3 is installed on the ISS. (NASA)

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Launched on July 25th, SpaceX’s CRS-18 Cargo Dragon successfully docked with the International Space Station (ISS) a few days later, delivering a major piece of space station hardware in its unpressurized trunk.

Known as International Docking Adapter 3 (IDA-3), the docking port will quite literally open the door for future commercial missions to the space station. Some 25 days after arriving at the ISS, NASA astronauts Nick Hague and Andrew Morgan performed a six-hour spacewalk (also known as an extra-vehicular activity or EVA) on August 21st, over the course of which they successfully installed IDA-3 on the outside of the space station.

On Monday, August 19th, IDA-3 was extracted from Cargo Dragon’s expendable trunk using Canadarm-2 and stored a few feet away from the Pressurized Mating Adapter 3 (PMA-3) on the station’s Harmony module. The PMA-3 is a leftover from the days of Space Shuttle and has thus been unused since 2011 – IDA-3’s installation means that the old hardware will be able to finally return to operational use.

NASA astronaut Christina Koch poses for a portrait with Andrew Morgan and Nick Hague in their U.S. spacesuits before beginning a six-hour and 32-minute spacewalk to install the orbiting lab’s second commercial crew vehicle docking port, the International Docking Adapter-3 (IDA-3). IDA-3 will accommodate the future arrivals of Boeing CST-100 Starliner and SpaceX Crew Dragon commercial crew spacecraft. (NASA)

The successful spacewalk was the fifth of this year and 218th overall. Astronauts Nick Hague and Andrew Morgan worked outside of the ISS to complete the tethering process and install power and data connectors, spending much of the 6.5 hours simply attaching and routing new cabling, extremely difficult to do in NASA’s semi-rigid EVA spacesuits. Astronaut Christina Koch assisted the duo from inside the station.

IDA-2, IDA-3’s predecessor, was successfully installed way back in August 2016, while the docking port was used for the first time ever just six months ago, when SpaceX’s Crew Dragon spacecraft – as part of its inaugural orbital launch – autonomously docked at IDA-2 on March 3rd, 2019. IDA-1 was sadly destroyed after a Falcon 9 upper stage failed catastrophically in June 2015, resulting in the total loss of Cargo Dragon CRS-7 and its array of ISS-bound cargo. Although far from the first, IDA-3 is still an extremely important addition to the ISS, particularly with respect to assuring redundancy and future accessibility for numerous spacecraft.

IDA-3 was installed in Cargo Dragon CRS-18’s expendable trunk on June 19th, about a month before the spacecraft launched atop a flight-proven Falcon 9 rocket. (NASA/SpaceX)

IDA’s are meant to serve as truly international ports, built by Boeing from a partially open-source design with parts from companies located in 25 different states and primary structures produced by Russian company RSC-Energia.

Both adapters feature a standard design, uniform docking requirements, and fittings for power and data transfer, all of which which are readily available to spacecraft designers to help streamline and simplify docking procedures. The IDA (technically, IDSS) standard has been adopted by both SpaceX’s Crew Dragon and Boeing’s CST-100 Starliner, while Russia may also adopt the standard on its next-generation Federation spacecraft, meant to replace Soyuz sometime in the 2020s.

A render depicting two Crew Dragon capsules simultaneously docked with the International Space Station. (SpaceX)

Both US capsules – currently in various stages of production and flight preparations – will be able to autonomously dock with either IDA-2 or -3, as will SpaceX’s Crew Dragon-derived Dragon 2, to be used for SpaceX’s Commercial Resupply Services 2 (CRS2) contract. With two IDA adapters, a SpaceX and Boeing crew capsule or two SpaceX Dragon 2s could simultaneously dock with the ISS.

Unlike the berthing process used by Cargo Dragon, Cygnus, and (prospectively) Dream Chaser, the docking adapters allow for spacecraft to perform autonomous docking maneuvers. Berthing instead involves the spacecraft in question station-keeping just a few meters away from the ISS while astronaut operators manually ‘grab’ the spacecraft with a giant, robotic arm known as Canadarm2.

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SpaceX’s Crew Dragon docked to the International Space Station several minutes early after a flawless approach on March 3rd. (NASA)

While the installation of a second adapter is certainly a step in the right direction to support a larger commercial customer base, there are many more steps to get through before the ISS can begin to support regular visits from Crew Dragon and Starliner. Both SpaceX and Boeing are hopeful that their capsules will be ready for their crewed launch debuts (Demo-2 and OFT, respectively) before 2019 is out, although delays into 2020 are extremely likely for both NASA Commercial Crew providers.

Check out Teslarati’s newsletters for prompt updates, on-the-ground perspectives, and unique glimpses of SpaceX’s rocket launch and recovery processes.

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Tesla eyes two new states for Robotaxi

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Credit: @TerrapinTerpene/X

Tesla has officially shown that it is eyeing two new states for Robotaxi operation in the U.S., as it hopes to add the new areas to its ever-growing list of places where the suite is either active or in the testing phase.

Tesla first launched its Robotaxi suite in Austin, Texas, in late June. It expanded the suite to the San Francisco Bay Area just a month later. Since then, it has not launched any public rides in any other states, but it has gained several approvals for early testing.

Tesla officially launches Robotaxi service with no driver

In preparation for operation in new states, Tesla routinely lists job postings on its Careers website, which helps align potential employees with opportunities ahead of regulatory approvals. This is a strategy that allows Tesla to start operations immediately upon licensing for testing.

Tesla started hiring Vehicle Operators for Autopilot in Arizona and Nevada months before the company gained any sort of approvals from state governments for Robotaxi. However, those approvals eventually came in the form of testing licenses, which allow the company to perform validation ahead of its public launch.

Tesla begins validating Robotaxi in a new area, hinting at expansion

Now, Tesla has posted job listings for Vehicle Operators for Autopilot in two new states: Colorado and Illinois. The Colorado job listing is located in Aurora, a suburb of Denver. Tesla is looking for Robotaxi operators in Chicago as well.

These postings hint toward Tesla’s continuing efforts to expand Robotaxi to new places. Earlier this year, CEO Elon Musk said the company would like to have Robotaxi available to at least half of the U.S. population.

It has expanded significantly since its initial launch in late June, but it is still a far way off from where Tesla would like it to be by year’s end.

So far, Tesla has job listings for Autopilot Vehicle Operators in Arizona, California, Texas, Florida, Colorado, Nevada, and Illinois.

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Tesla launched an ad for Elon Musk’s pay package on Paramount+

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Credit: Tesla

Tesla’s advertising strategy has taken a drastic turn as the company’s upcoming Shareholder Meeting will feature perhaps the most crucial vote in its history: the approval of CEO Elon Musk’s new pay package.

For years, the issue of Tesla’s advertising and marketing strategy has been a major point of conversation for investors in fans. It seems to be split right down the middle, with half wanting Tesla to set aside some money for advertising. The other half, just the opposite.

Tesla has been transparent that the money it would spend on advertising, marketing, and public relations is better set aside for the development of future products.

However, it has recently adopted a different tone in advertising, pushing some commercials on social media platforms like X and Instagram.

For the first time, an ad was seen on streaming services like Paramount+, but it wasn’t promoting Tesla’s products directly. Instead, it was more of a message for shareholders to vote on Musk’s pay package, something Tesla feels is a necessity:

“The future of Tesla is in your hands,” the ad reads at the end. It seems as if Tesla is taking whatever steps it needs to accomplish the task of getting Musk a new pay package and retaining him as its CEO.

On September 5, Tesla officially outlined its plans for a CEO Performance Award for Musk. It would require him to lift Tesla’s market capitalization to about $8.5 trillion, up from the $1.36 trillion it sits at today.

Elon Musk’s new pay plan ties trillionaire status to Tesla’s $8.5 trillion valuation

It is obvious that Tesla is really hoping to get the pay package passed and is willing to shift some of its budget to encourage shareholders to vote.

However, there are some interesting perspectives on the move, and it’s sort of strange to see Tesla not advertising its vehicles or products, but only its pay package that would get its CEO paid.

Some of those who saw the ad are questioning the strategy:

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Tesla Robotaxi testing in Arizona is ramping up quickly

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Credit: Tesla

Tesla is validating Robotaxi in a new area, and as the company has continued to gain some additional permissions to begin testing in new states, it seems its Full Self-Driving-based ride-hailing project is moving toward a larger footprint.

Two Robotaxi units with LiDAR validation equipment were spotted in Gilbert, Arizona, recently, showing that Tesla is aiming to launch its ride-hailing service in the state soon:

Another unit was spotted in Tempe, Arizona:

These types of validation vehicles have been spotted in several areas ahead of their launch as a public ride-hailing service for passengers. Tesla first launched Robotaxi in Austin, Texas, back in late June, and since then, it has expanded to the Bay Area of California.

However, Tesla has continued to attempt to expand Robotaxi to other areas as well, including Nevada and Arizona. It has also been working toward approvals in other states based on job postings, as Tesla is hiring for Autopilot Vehicle Operators in New York and Florida, as well.

The expansion of the Robotaxi ride-hailing service has been an effort that Tesla has been spending a lot of time on over the past few months. CEO Elon Musk said the expansion aims to bring Robotaxi to at least half of the U.S. population by the end of the year, but there is still plenty of work to be done.

Tesla Robotaxi heads to a new major Texas city for the first time

Tesla did make its Robotaxi app public in recent months, allowing more members of the public to experience the suite for themselves, as long as they could get to Austin or the Bay Area.

In the coming months, it seems more apparent that Tesla will take a broader focus on expanding Robotaxi, especially with the fact that these validation vehicles are being spotted throughout different parts of the United States.

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