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NASA’s SLS Moon rocket rolls out to the launch pad for the first time

SLS has rolled out of the VAB for the first time ever. (Richard Angle)

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Around noon EST on Thursday, March 17th, the high bay doors of NASA’s vast Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) opened, revealing the first fully assembled Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and Orion spacecraft.

About six hours later, the massive rocket departed the VAB for the first time ever and began a four-mile (6.4 km) journey to Pad 39B atop Crawler-Transporter 2. This is the first time a Moon rocket has rolled out of NASA’s Vehicle Assembly Building since Saturn V headed to Pad 39A for Apollo 17 in 1972.

Crawler-Transporter 2 is a building-sized vehicle responsible for carrying NASA rockets – and their even more massive ‘mobile launch platforms’ – from the assembly building to the launch pad. The 6.6-million-pound (~3000 ton) vehicle has a top speed of two miles per hour (~3.2 km/h) while unloaded and one mile per hour (~1.6 km/h) while loaded and is designed to carry a payload of up to 18 million pounds (~8100 tons). The crawler ultimately took about 11 hours to transport SLS, Orion, and MLP-1 to Launch Complex 39B (LC-39B/Pad 39B).

Once the rocket and MLP-1 are fully installed on Pad 39B and the crawler has moved a safe distance away, SLS will be put through its first series of fully integrated tests, culminating in a wet dress rehearsal (WDR) as few as two weeks from now. Once the wet-dress is complete, SLS will be rolled back to the VAB for final launch preparations, including final Orion spacecraft processing, flight software updates. the identification and the repair of any issues found or wear generated during testing.

SLS heads towards LC-39B – and the Moon. (Richard Angle)

SLS is comprised of a core stage (CS-1), upper stage (the Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage or ICPS), two solid rocket boosters (SRBs), an incomplete but spaceworthy Orion spacecraft, and a new mobile launch platform (MLP-1). This particular vehicle will be responsible for Artemis-1, an uncrewed test flight that will attempt to inject Orion into orbit around the Moon. While most of the spacecraft’s systems are in place, Artemis 1’s Orion will have no life support or environmental control hardware installed and also lacks a docking adapter.

NASA and its SLS/Orion contractors have subcontracted parts of the rocket and spacecraft’s development to more than 1,100 companies spread across the US, as well as every NASA center. SLS and Orion prime contractors include Boeing, Aerojet Rocketdyne, Northrup Grumman, and the United Launch Alliance. Once completed and qualified, all hardware was shipped to Kennedy Space Center, where the SLS rocket was then fully assembled inside the VAB. All Artemis 1 hardware arrived at KSC by the end of April 2021.

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NASA says SLS’ launch debut is now expected to occur no earlier than (NET) May or June 2022. However, given the program’s history of delays, particularly surrounding major integrated testing, it’s likely that this stage of SLS testing will take longer than expected, so launch dates should only be treated as placeholders until the rocket has completed prelaunch testing and been inspected and recertified back inside the VAB.

Monica Pappas is a space flight enthusiast living on Florida's Space Coast. As a spaceflight reporter, her goal is to share stories about established and upcoming spaceflight companies. She hopes to share her excitement for the tremendous changes coming in the next few years for human spaceflight.

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USDOT Secretary visits Tesla Giga Texas, hints at national autonomous vehicle standards

The Transportation Secretary also toured the factory’s production lines and spoke with CEO Elon Musk.

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Credit: Elon Musk/X

United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) Secretary Sean Duffy recently visited Tesla’s Gigafactory Texas complex, where he toured the factory’s production lines and spoke with CEO Elon Musk. In a video posted following his Giga Texas visit, Duffy noted that he believes there should be a national standard for autonomous vehicles in the United States.

Duffy’s Giga Texas Visit

As could be seen in videos of his Giga Texas visit, the Transportation Secretary seemed to appreciate the work Tesla has been doing to put the United States in the forefront of innovation. “Tesla is one of the many companies helping our country reach new heights. USDOT will be right there all the way to make sure Americans stay safe,” Duffy wrote in a post on X. 

He also praised Tesla for its autonomous vehicle program, highlighting that “We need American companies to keep innovating so we can outcompete the rest of the world.”

National Standard

While speaking with Tesla CEO Elon Musk, the Transportation Secretary stated that other autonomous ride-hailing companies have been lobbying for a national standard for self-driving cars. Musk shared the sentiment, stating that “It’d be wonderful for the United States to have a national set of rules for autonomous driving as opposed to 50 independent sets of rules on a state-by-state rules basis.”

Duffy agreed with the CEO’s point, stating that, “You can’t have 50 different rules for 50 different states. You need one standard.” He also noted that the Transportation Department has asked autonomous vehicle companies to submit data. By doing so, the USDOT could develop a standard for the entire United States, allowing self-driving cars to operate in a manner that is natural and safe.

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Tesla posts Optimus’ most impressive video demonstration yet

The humanoid robot was able to complete all the tasks through a single neural network.

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Credit: Tesla Optimus/X

When Elon Musk spoke with CNBC’s David Faber in an interview at Giga Texas, he reiterated the idea that Optimus will be one of Tesla’s biggest products. Seemingly to highlight the CEO’s point, the official Tesla Optimus account on social media platform X shared what could very well be the most impressive demonstration of the humanoid robot’s capabilities to date.

Optimus’ Newest Demonstration

In its recent video demonstration, the Tesla Optimus team featured the humanoid robot performing a variety of tasks. These include household chores such as throwing the trash, using a broom and a vacuum cleaner, tearing a paper towel, stirring a pot of food, opening a cabinet, and closing a curtain, among others. The video also featured Optimus picking up a Model X fore link and placing it on a dolly.

What was most notable in the Tesla Optimus team’s demonstration was the fact that the humanoid robot was able to complete all the tasks through a single neural network. The robot’s actions were also learned directly from Optimus being fed data from first-person videos of humans performing similar tasks. This system should pave the way for Optimus to learn and refine new skills quickly and reliably.

Tesla VP for Optimus Shares Insight

In a follow-up post on X, Tesla Vice President of Optimus (Tesla Bot) Milan Kovac stated that one of the team’s goals is to have Optimus learn straight from internet videos of humans performing tasks, including footage captured in third person or by random cameras.

“We recently had a significant breakthrough along that journey, and can now transfer a big chunk of the learning directly from human videos to the bots (1st person views for now). This allows us to bootstrap new tasks much faster compared to teleoperated bot data alone (heavier operationally).

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“Many new skills are emerging through this process, are called for via natural language (voice/text), and are run by a single neural network on the bot (multi-tasking). Next: expand to 3rd person video transfer (aka random internet), and push reliability via self-play (RL) in the real-, and/or synthetic- (sim / world models) world,” Kovac wrote in his post on X.

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Starship Flight 9 nears as SpaceX’s Starbase becomes a Texan City

SpaceX’s launch site is officially incorporated as Starbase, TX. Starship Flight 9 could launch on May 27, 2025. 

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(Credit: Jenny Hautmann/Wikimedia Commons)

SpaceX’s Starbase is officially incorporated as a city in Texas, aligning with preparations for Starship Flight 9. The newly formed city in Cameron County serves as the heart of SpaceX’s Starship program.

Starbase City spans 1.5 square miles, encompassing SpaceX’s launch facility and company-owned land. A near-unanimous vote by residents, who were mostly SpaceX employees, led to its incorporation. SpaceX’s Vice President of Test and Launch, Bobby Peden, was elected mayor of Starbase. The new Texas city also has two SpaceX employees as commissioners. All Starbase officials will serve two-year terms unless extended to four by voters.

As the new city takes shape, SpaceX is preparing for the Starship Flight 9 launch, which is tentatively scheduled for May 27, 2025, at 6:30 PM CDT from Starbase, Texas.

SpaceX secured Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) approval for up to 25 annual Starship and Super Heavy launches from the site. However, the FAA emphasized that “there are other licensing requirements still to be completed,” including policy, safety, and environmental reviews.

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On May 15, the FAA noted SpaceX updated its launch license for Flight 9, but added: “SpaceX may not launch until the FAA either closes the Starship Flight 8 mishap investigation or makes a return to flight determination. The FAA is reviewing the mishap report SpaceX submitted on May 14.”

Proposed Texas legislation could empower Starbase officials to close local highways and restrict Boca Chica Beach access during launches. Cameron County Judge Eddie Trevino, Jr., opposes the Texas legislation, insisting beach access remain under county control. This tension highlights the balance between SpaceX’s ambitions and local interests.

Starbase’s incorporation strengthens SpaceX’s operational base as it gears up for Starship Flight 9, a critical step in its mission to revolutionize space travel. With growing infrastructure and regulatory hurdles in focus, Starbase is poised to become a cornerstone of SpaceX’s vision, blending community development with cutting-edge aerospace innovation.

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