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Tesla Model 3 ‘refresh’ EPA ratings reveal efficiency improvements over 2019, 2020 variants

(Photo: Tesla Photographer/Instagram)

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The official EPA range and efficiency ratings for Tesla’s Model 3 “refresh” have been posted, and they are quite impressive. Apart from the expected range upgrades listed by Tesla in the vehicle’s online configurator, it appears that the Model 3’s efficiency has also seen some improvements.

As per data from FuelEconomy.gov, The Model 3 Long Range AWD variant really does have a range of 353 miles per charge, a significant boost from its previous 322 miles. The Model 3 Performance received a slight boost, too, from 299 miles to 315 miles of range in a single charge.

InsideEVs broke down the efficiency numbers for the “refreshed” Model 3, which was labeled in FuelEconomy.gov as the 2021 Tesla Model 3. According to the site, the Tesla Model 3 Long Range AWD’s range went up by 9.6% to 353 miles while its energy consumption decreased by about 11%, from 121 MPGe in the 2020 variant to 134 MPGe after the refresh. For additional perspective, the 2021 Model 3 LR AWD’s energy consumption is equivalent to 251 Wh/mi (156 Wh/km).

(Credit: US Department of Energy)

Tesla improved the range of its 2021 Model 3 Performance by 5.4% to 315 miles when compared to its 2020 counterpart fitted with 20″ Sport wheels. Unlike the Long Range AWD, the Model 3 Performance’s efficiency remained the same after the refresh at 113 MPGe or 298 Wh/mi (185 Wh/km).

The improved range of Tesla’s Model 3 refresh caught the interest of the EV community when news about its release first came out. Many people in the Tesla community wondered and speculated on the changes the company implemented to improve the Model 3’s efficiency. Among them was the addition of a heat pump to the all-electric sedan, which is used in the Model Y to optimize the vehicle’s range and efficiency in cold weather.

(Credit: US Department of Energy)

Tesla VP of Powertrain and Energy Engineering Drew Baglino confirmed the addition of a heat pump system in the Model 3 refresh during the recent Q3 earnings call.

“I was just going to say, I mean, I think one of the things we focused on with the Model Y and now Model 3 heat pump system was learning how to build a tightly integrated system capable of moving heat to and from anywhere really, powertrain, battery, cabin, the environment, outside ambient temperatures, all the way down to like negative 20 C, so 30 C,” Baglino said, answering a question about Tesla’s HVAC tech applied to home systems.

“I think like the heat — for heat pump in the car, being able to use the batteries both as a thermal and an electric energy reservoir is very significant,” Elon Musk elaborated.

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Sandy Munro explained the significance of Tesla’s heat pump during his Model Y teardown. He noted that the heat pump system simplified the car’s climate control structure and provided Tesla a way to maximize the all-electric crossover’s efficiency. This bodes well for the vehicle’s performance in cold weather, possibly allowing the Model Y to maintain more of its estimated range even when operating in frigid temperatures.

Maria--aka "M"-- is an experienced writer and book editor. She's written about several topics including health, tech, and politics. As a book editor, she's worked with authors who write Sci-Fi, Romance, and Dark Fantasy. M loves hearing from TESLARATI readers. If you have any tips or article ideas, contact her at maria@teslarati.com or via X, @Writer_01001101.

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Tesla’s two defunct flagship models are getting a big upgrade

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Tesla’s two recently-defunct flagship models, the Model S and Model X, are getting a big upgrade, according to the company’s Head of AI, Ashok Elluswamy.

Older Hardware 3 Model S and Model X vehicles have been the last major holdouts in Tesla’s Full Self-Driving v14 Lite rollout, and that wait now appears to be ending.

Tesla brings closure to flagship ‘sentimental’ models, Musk confirms

At Tesla’s Cybercab launch, AI chief Ashok Elluswamy told Ryan McCaffrey that he thought the S and X build “was supposed to go out last week.” Evidently, Elluswamy expects the suite to be rolled out to those HW3 Model S and Model X very soon:

Those cars are not the current Model S and Model X, which already ship with Hardware 4. They are the pre-refresh flagships built around Tesla’s older Autopilot computer, often called HW3 or AI3.

Tesla stopped putting that computer in new vehicles years ago, which is why owners treat these S and X cars as a closed generation. Model 3 and Model Y vehicles on the same computer began receiving v14 Lite in late June 2026 and saw a wider North American expansion in July. South Korea followed as an early international market. The S and X versions of the same software never joined that wave.

v14 Lite is Tesla’s way of squeezing the current v14 driving stack onto hardware that cannot run the full AI 4 model. The company describes the process as distillation: behaviors learned on the newer computer, including reinforcement learning and offline models, are compressed so the older chip and cameras can use them as a guide.

Early descriptions put the distilled network at roughly 15 percent of the original size. The result is still supervised Level 2 driving. Tesla has been clear that HW3 cannot support unsupervised Full Self-Driving or robotaxi operation because of memory and bandwidth limits.

The feature list is what made the wait so frustrating for S and X owners, as plenty of new features are to be shipped with it.

Official notes for the first Lite build, firmware 2026.20.5.1, added parking, unparking, and reversing; arrival options for a parking lot, street, driveway, or curbside; speed profiles that stay available at all times; and start-from-park engagement. Tesla also claimed better handling of merges, forks, pedestrians, traffic lights, and cut-ins, plus fewer false slowdowns and smoother lane centering.

A mid-July follow-on build, 2026.20.6.10, added more of the Hardware 4 interface, including a standalone Self-Driving app and the ability to start a trip from Park without a brake-pedal confirmation.

Elluswamy called that version the one “likely going to wide release.”

That wide release already reached most other HW3 cars in the United States and Canada. International timing still depends on regional validation and regulatory approval. For S and X owners, the remaining work appears to be model-specific validation rather than a new software stack.

There is no official Tesla changelog or build number for those two models yet, only Elluswamy’s offhand timeline. Some HW3 drivers who already have Lite report large gains over v12.6; others have described new indecision or phantom braking. The next test will be whether the same software lands cleanly on the older flagships that have waited the longest.

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This tiny Tesla Cybertruck adjustment has big advantages

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Credit: Wes Morrill | X

Yesterday, we reported on Tesla Cybertruck getting some major adjustments from a manufacturing standpoint in an effort to make the all-electric pickup more cost-effective, more reliable, more serviceable, and more easily produced.

Tesla Cybertruck engineer reveals new changes in ‘constantly evolving’ pickup

One of those changes was the addition of a self-reinforcing polypropylene aero shield that sits underneath the truck. Previously, Tesla utilized aluminum for this, but the self-reinforcing polypropylene was more durable while also being cheaper and lighter.

Tesla has revealed another small change it made to the Cybertruck, and it has to do with the side repeater cameras.

Tesla does not wait for a new model year to improve its vehicles. On September 8, Cybertruck lead engineer Wes Morrill posted side-by-side photos of an updated side repeater camera housing now rolling off the line at Gigafactory Texas.

The triangular camera pod mounted on the front fender looks almost identical at first glance. A closer look reveals a revised contour that uses the air already flowing around the truck to keep the lens clearer in rain and road spray.

The side repeater cameras sit in an exposed position on the Cybertruck’s angular stainless-steel body.

In wet weather, they readily collect water droplets that can degrade the image Autopilot and Full Self-Driving use for lane changes and blind-spot monitoring. Early production trucks sometimes left owners wiping lenses by hand or accepting temporary restrictions on driver-assistance features.

Tesla has added washers to cameras on certain other models and on Cybercab prototypes, but those active systems add cost, complexity, and extra potential leak points.

The new housing solves the problem with passive geometry. Subtle changes in the surround create localized airflow disturbances as the vehicle moves. Those eddies physically push water droplets away from the optical surface. Morrill called the result “pure vision improvement” achieved at “no cost penalty.” Once the production mold is updated, every subsequent part costs the same as the original.

The advantages compound quickly. Clearer cameras in rain improve the reliability of driver-assistance features precisely when they are needed most. The design consumes no extra energy and introduces no new failure modes.

New Cybertrucks built after the tooling changeover receive the updated part automatically. Some owners of trucks delivered as late as June 2026 have already confirmed they received the revised housing. Retrofit questions have appeared in replies, and the cameras appear electrically compatible, though Tesla has not announced an official service program.

A few millimeters of reshaped housing will not make headlines the way a new battery pack does, but these changes are incremental and increase the Cybertruck’s effectiveness as a vehicle over time.

This improvement illustrates how Tesla continues to refine the Cybertruck after volume production began. Better wet-weather vision, zero added cost, and no extra hardware add up to a meaningful gain in everyday usability and safety.

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Tesla is rolling out a new FSD version with a massive safety addition

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Credit: Tesla

Tesla is rolling out a new version of its Full Self-Driving suite to some owners that comes with the massive addition of a safety feature.

Tesla is rolling out Automatic Collision Evasion with the 2026.27.6 Software Update, which started rolling out to some vehicles last night. We received the update, along with Full Self-Driving v14.3.9, as well as v14.2 Lite, which has identical release notes as the previous version and seems to have some refinements and improvements in behavior and performance.

However, most of the attention has fallen on the Automatic Collision Evasion feature, which we covered in an article last week.

The function will activate Full Self-Driving to “try to keep your vehicle safe and then continue driving. It can engage in the following situations while you are driving manually:

  • Scenario 1: A frontal collision is imminent and braking alone may not avoid it.
  • Scenario 2: Your vehicle detects that you are not sufficiently attentive to the road (for example, reaching toward the back seat), or that Full Self-Driving (Supervised) may have been unintentionally disengaged.”

Essentially, FSD will take over when the vehicle determines you are not paying sufficient attention or are heading toward a potential collision. The addition of this feature is incredibly useful as distracted driving is a major issue in today’s world.

Along with the new safety feature is Tesla FSD v14.3.9, which has no additional release notes compared to the previous version, but in my first drives, my first impression is that operation is great, and parking is still sort of a pain point.

Additionally, Tesla v14.2. Lite has arrived. A great review of that is available here:


The addition of an Automatic Collision Evasion feature is similar to that of other collision avoidance systems that are used by companies like Hyundai, Kia, and Genesis. These programs typically utilize radar and camera sensors to apply emergency brakes autonomously, though evasive steering in a manual driving mode is pioneered primarily by Tesla’s newest addition.

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