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Tesla Model Y heat pump functions explained and explored in Munro teardown
One of the Tesla Model Y’s most talked about features is its heat pump, which replaced the electric resistive heating system used in the Model S, Model 3, and Model X. In a recent video uploaded by Detroit automotive veteran Sandy Munro, he drew comparisons between the Model Y’s heat pump to the old air conditioning compressor that was included in the Model 3. More importantly, Munro also talked about why he prefers the new system to the former.
The heat pump was the brainchild of Tesla’s engineering team. Additionally, Munro stated in his recent teardown video that the new heat pump from Tesla can accomplish both air conditioning and heating. Interestingly enough, the component is independently mounted from other parts underneath the hood, allowing the unit to shake and move freely when it’s operating.
“That shake does not turn into a noise vibration and harshness that you’d find inside the car,” Munro says, as he suggested that mounting the pump to other portions of the vehicle’s system could cause an unfavorable noise. “This is right. This is the way to do it.”
Munro noted that the heat pump’s compressor “crushes” gas down and sends it out into a pipe that navigates away from the pump. The vehicle then makes a decision based on the climate control settings in the car. It will either go into an air conditioning condenser if the driver wants cold air, or straight into the cabin if the heat is turned on. While simple, Munro’s explanation shows the efficiency of the system. It simplifies the overall structure of the Model Y’s climate control, while providing a whole new way for Tesla to maximize the efficiency of the vehicle.
In a previous video from Tesla owner-enthusiast Andy Slye, he explained that while the electric resistive heating systems in the electric car maker’s previous vehicles have a 100% efficiency rate, heat pumps generally have a 300% efficiency rate. While this seems improbable, a heat pump can generate 3kW of thermal energy from 1 kW of power. This helps address the usual reduction of range experienced by Teslas in cold climates.
The new system could eliminate the worries of consumers who live in areas where extremely cold weather is anticipated during winter months. Cold air increases drag, and while the battery and cabin require warming, range drops, causing more frequent charging stops. But with a more efficient climate control system, this does not have to be the case.
As for Munro, he believes that a heat pump was indeed the right choice for the Model Y. “I think it’s a good idea to have the heat pump as opposed to the heaters and all the other stuff they had inside (the Model 3), so I’m pretty happy about that,” he said.
Tesla’s engineering team performed some of the best work yet with the Model Y, as per CEO Elon Musk. And if Sandy Munro’s ongoing teardown is any indication, it appears that the Tesla Mode Y is really the company’s most disruptive vehicle to date.
Watch Munro’s breakdown of the Model Y heat pump below.
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Tesla Model S and X customization options begin to thin as their closure nears
Tesla’s Online Design Studio for both vehicles now shows the first color option to be listed as “Sold Out,” as Lunar Silver is officially no longer available for the Model S or Model X. This color is exclusive to these cars and not available on the Model S or Model X.
Tesla Model S and Model X customization options are beginning to thin for the first time as the closure of the two “sentimental” vehicles nears.
We are officially seeing the first options disappear as Tesla begins to work toward ending production of the two cars and the options that are available to those vehicles specifically.
Tesla’s Online Design Studio for both vehicles now shows the first color option to be listed as “Sold Out,” as Lunar Silver is officially no longer available for the Model S or Model X. This color is exclusive to these cars and not available on the Model S or Model X.
🚨 Tesla Model S and Model X availability is thinning, as Tesla has officially shown that the Lunar Silver color option on both vehicles is officially sold out
To be fair, Frost Blue is still available so no need to freak out pic.twitter.com/YnwsDbsFOv
— TESLARATI (@Teslarati) February 25, 2026
Tesla is making way for the Optimus humanoid robot project at the Fremont Factory, where the Model S and Model X are produced. The two cars are low-volume models and do not contribute more than a few percent to Tesla’s yearly delivery figures.
With CEO Elon Musk confirming that the Model S and Model X would officially be phased out at the end of the quarter, some of the options are being thinned out.
This is an expected move considering Tesla’s plans for the two vehicles, as it will make for an easier process of transitioning that portion of the Fremont plant to cater to Optimus manufacturing. Additionally, this is likely one of the least popular colors, and Tesla is choosing to only keep around what it is seeing routine demand for.
During the Q4 Earnings Call in January, Musk confirmed the end of the Model S and Model X:
“It is time to bring the Model S and Model X programs to an end with an honorable discharge. It is time to bring the S/X programs to an end. It’s part of our overall shift to an autonomous future.”
Fremont will now build one million Optimus units per year as production is ramped.
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Tesla Cybertruck Dual Motor AWD estimated delivery slips to early fall 2026
Tesla has also added a note on the Cybertruck design page stating that the vehicle’s price will increase after February 28.
Tesla’s estimated delivery window for new Cybertruck Dual Motor All-Wheel Drive (AWD) orders in the United States has shifted to September–October 2026. This suggests that the vehicle’s sub-$60,000 variant is now effectively sold out until then.
The updated timeline was highlighted in a post on X by Tesla watcher Sawyer Merritt, who noted that the estimated delivery window had moved from June 2026 to September-October 2026, “presumably due to strong demand.”
The Dual Motor AWD currently starts at $59,990 before incentives. Tesla has also added a note on the Cybertruck design page stating that the vehicle’s price will increase after February 28.
If demand remains steady, the combination of a later delivery window and a pending price increase suggests Tesla is seeing sustained interest in the newly-introduced Cybertruck configuration. This was highlighted by Elon Musk on X, when he noted that the Cybertruck Dual Motor AWD’s introductory price will only be available for a limited time.
When the Cybertruck was first unveiled in November 2019, Tesla listed the Dual Motor AWD variant at $49,990. Adjusted for inflation, that figure equates to roughly $63,000 in 2026 dollars, based on cumulative U.S. inflation since 2019.
That context makes a potential post-February price in the $64,000 to $65,000 range less surprising, especially as material, labor, and manufacturing costs have shifted significantly over the past several years.
While Tesla has not announced a specific new MSRP, the updated delivery timeline and pricing note together suggest that the Cybertruck Dual Motor AWD could very well be the variant that takes the all-electric full-sized pickup truck to more widespread adoption.
Elon Musk
SpaceX targets 150Mbps per user for upgraded Starlink Direct-to-Cell
If achieved, the 150Mbps goal would represent a significant jump from the current performance of Starlink Direct-to-Cell.
SpaceX is targeting peak download speeds of 150Mbps per user for its next-generation Direct-to-Cell Starlink service. The update was shared by SpaceX Spectrum & Regulatory Affairs Lead Udrivolf Pica during the International Telecommunication Union’s Space Connect conference.
“We are aiming at peak speeds of 150Mbps per user,” Pica said during the conference. “So something incredible if you think about the link budgets from space to the mobile phone.”
If achieved, the 150Mbps goal would represent a significant jump from the current performance of Starlink Direct-to-Cell.
Today, SpaceX’s cellular Starlink service, offered in partnership with T-Mobile under the T-Satellite brand, provides speeds of roughly 4Mbps per user. The service is designed primarily for texts, low-resolution video calls, and select apps in locations that traditionally have no cellular service.
By comparison, Ookla data shows median 5G download speeds of approximately 309Mbps for T-Mobile and 172Mbps for AT&T in the United States, as noted in a PCMag report. While 150Mbps would still trail the fastest terrestrial 5G networks, it would place satellite-to-phone broadband much closer to conventional carrier performance, even in remote areas.
Pica indicated that the upgraded system would support “video, voice, and data services, clearly,” moving beyond emergency connectivity and basic messaging use cases.
To reach that target, SpaceX plans to upgrade its existing Starlink Direct-to-Cell satellites and add significant new capacity. The company recently acquired access to radio spectrum from EchoStar, which Pica described as key to expanding throughput.
“More spectrum means a bigger pipeline, and this means that we can expand what we can do with partners. We can expand the quality of service. And again, we can do cellular broadband basically, cellular broadband use cases, like AI or daily connectivity needs,” he stated.
SpaceX has also requested regulatory approval to deploy 15,000 additional Direct-to-Cell satellites, beyond the roughly 650 currently supporting the system. The upgraded architecture is expected to begin rolling out in late 2027.
Tesla Model S and X customization options begin to thin as their closure nears
Tesla Cybertruck Dual Motor AWD estimated delivery slips to early fall 2026
